LESSON 6.1 · Systems · 90 min

Prefill and decode: two different workloads

Prefill and decode: two different workloads. Learn compute-bound versus memory-bound work, latency, and throughput and complete: Profile one complete generation. Part of the “Make

Learning objectives

  1. Explain what problem “Prefill and decode: two different workloads” solves without hiding behind terminology.
  2. Trace the variables and causal links across compute-bound versus memory-bound work, latency, and throughput.
  3. Complete “Profile one complete generation” and judge the result with evidence rather than intuition.

Core concepts

compute-bound versus memory-bound work

compute-bound versus memory-bound work is part of the lesson’s causal model. State its inputs, outputs, invariants, and failure mode; then verify it with a hand-check or a minimal experiment before moving to an optimized implementation.

latency

latency is part of the lesson’s causal model. State its inputs, outputs, invariants, and failure mode; then verify it with a hand-check or a minimal experiment.

and throughput

and throughput is part of the lesson’s causal model. State its inputs, outputs, invariants, and failure mode; then verify it with a hand-check or a minimal experiment.

Build and verify

Profile one complete generation

  • Predict: write the expected output, trend, or failure before running code.
  • Build: implement only the minimum components needed to answer the question.
  • Verify: compare with a baseline or trusted implementation; save seeds, parameters, and raw outputs.
  • Transfer: change one shape, dataset, scale, or workload condition and explain whether the conclusion still holds.

Open the complete interactive lesson